TSTP Solution File: MGT036-3 by Z3---4.8.9.0

View Problem - Process Solution

%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% File     : Z3---4.8.9.0
% Problem  : MGT036-3 : TPTP v8.1.0. Released v2.4.0.
% Transfm  : none
% Format   : tptp
% Command  : z3_tptp -proof -model -t:%d -file:%s

% Computer : n026.cluster.edu
% Model    : x86_64 x86_64
% CPU      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 2.10GHz
% Memory   : 8042.1875MB
% OS       : Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
% CPULimit : 300s
% WCLimit  : 300s
% DateTime : Sun Sep 18 05:22:05 EDT 2022

% Result   : Unsatisfiable 0.19s 0.38s
% Output   : Proof 0.19s
% Verified : 
% SZS Type : Refutation
%            Derivation depth      :    7
%            Number of leaves      :   39
% Syntax   : Number of formulae    :   71 (  17 unt;  11 typ;   0 def)
%            Number of atoms       :  414 (   0 equ)
%            Maximal formula atoms :   20 (   6 avg)
%            Number of connectives :  670 ( 334   ~; 302   |;   0   &)
%                                         (  34 <=>;   0  =>;   0  <=;   0 <~>)
%            Maximal formula depth :   13 (   7 avg)
%            Maximal term depth    :    2 (   1 avg)
%            Number of FOOLs       :   18 (  18 fml;   0 var)
%            Number of types       :    2 (   0 usr)
%            Number of type conns  :   14 (   6   >;   8   *;   0   +;   0  <<)
%            Number of predicates  :   10 (   9 usr;   1 prp; 0-4 aty)
%            Number of functors    :    6 (   6 usr;   5 con; 0-2 aty)
%            Number of variables   :  202 ( 182   !;   0   ?; 202   :)

% Comments : 
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
tff(subpopulations_type,type,
    subpopulations: ( $i * $i * $i * $i ) > $o ).

tff(sk2_type,type,
    sk2: $i ).

tff(sk1_type,type,
    sk1: $i ).

tff(first_movers_type,type,
    first_movers: $i ).

tff(efficient_producers_type,type,
    efficient_producers: $i ).

tff(environment_type,type,
    environment: $i > $o ).

tff(outcompetes_type,type,
    outcompetes: ( $i * $i * $i ) > $o ).

tff(greater_type,type,
    greater: ( $i * $i ) > $o ).

tff(growth_rate_type,type,
    growth_rate: ( $i * $i ) > $i ).

tff(zero_type,type,
    zero: $i ).

tff(greater_or_equal_type,type,
    greater_or_equal: ( $i * $i ) > $o ).

tff(1,plain,
    ( subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
  <=> subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(2,axiom,
    subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',a13_star_6) ).

tff(3,plain,
    subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[2,1]) ).

tff(4,plain,
    ( environment(sk1)
  <=> environment(sk1) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(5,axiom,
    environment(sk1),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',a13_star_5) ).

tff(6,plain,
    environment(sk1),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[5,4]) ).

tff(7,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      refl(
        ( ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A) )
      <=> ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(8,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[7]) ).

tff(9,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(10,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      rewrite(
        ( ( ~ environment(A)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | subpopulations(C,B,A,D) )
      <=> ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(11,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ environment(A)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | subpopulations(C,B,A,D) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[10]) ).

tff(12,axiom,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ environment(A)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | subpopulations(C,B,A,D) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',mp_symmetry_of_subpopulations_1) ).

tff(13,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[12,11]) ).

tff(14,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[13,9]) ).

tff(15,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(skolemize,[status(sab)],[14]) ).

tff(16,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[15,8]) ).

tff(17,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(18,plain,
    ( ( subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1) )
  <=> ( ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(19,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) ) ),
    inference(monotonicity,[status(thm)],[18]) ).

tff(20,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) ) ),
    inference(transitivity,[status(thm)],[19,17]) ).

tff(21,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
          ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A) )
    | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1) ),
    inference(quant_inst,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(22,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
          ( subpopulations(C,B,A,D)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A) )
    | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1)
    | subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[21,20]) ).

tff(23,plain,
    subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2),
    inference(unit_resolution,[status(thm)],[22,16,6,3]) ).

tff(24,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,A: $i] :
      refl(
        ( ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ environment(A) )
      <=> ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ environment(A) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(25,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ environment(A) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[24]) ).

tff(26,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ environment(A) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(27,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,A: $i] :
      rewrite(
        ( ( ~ environment(A)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B) )
      <=> ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ environment(A) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(28,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ environment(A)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
        ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
        | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
        | ~ environment(A) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[27]) ).

tff(29,axiom,
    ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
      ( ~ environment(A)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
      | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',prove_t5_star_9) ).

tff(30,plain,
    ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
      ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[29,28]) ).

tff(31,plain,
    ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
      ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[30,26]) ).

tff(32,plain,
    ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
      ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(skolemize,[status(sab)],[31]) ).

tff(33,plain,
    ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
      ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
      | ~ environment(A) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[32,25]) ).

tff(34,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
            ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
            | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
            ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
            | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
            | ~ environment(A) )
      | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(35,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
          ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ environment(A) )
    | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
    | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1) ),
    inference(quant_inst,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(36,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,A: $i] :
          ( ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,B)
          | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,A,B)
          | ~ environment(A) )
    | ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
    | ~ subpopulations(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[35,34]) ).

tff(37,plain,
    ~ outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2),
    inference(unit_resolution,[status(thm)],[36,6,3,33]) ).

tff(38,plain,
    ( greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
  <=> greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2)) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(39,axiom,
    greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2)),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',a13_star_8) ).

tff(40,plain,
    greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2)),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[39,38]) ).

tff(41,plain,
    ( greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero)
  <=> greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(42,axiom,
    greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',a13_star_7) ).

tff(43,plain,
    greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[42,41]) ).

tff(44,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      refl(
        ( ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A)
          | outcompetes(C,B,D)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A)
          | outcompetes(C,B,D)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(45,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A)
        | outcompetes(C,B,D)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A)
        | outcompetes(C,B,D)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[44]) ).

tff(46,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A)
        | outcompetes(C,B,D)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A)
        | outcompetes(C,B,D)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(47,plain,
    ^ [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      trans(
        monotonicity(
          trans(
            monotonicity(
              rewrite(
                ( ( ~ environment(A)
                  | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                  | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
              <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                  | ~ environment(A)
                  | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
              ( ( ~ environment(A)
                | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
                | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D)) )
            <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                | ~ environment(A)
                | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
                | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D)) ) )),
            rewrite(
              ( ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                | ~ environment(A)
                | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
                | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D)) )
            <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
                | ~ environment(A)
                | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
                | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
            ( ( ~ environment(A)
              | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
              | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
              | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D)) )
          <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
              | ~ environment(A)
              | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
              | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
          ( ( ~ environment(A)
            | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | outcompetes(C,B,D) )
        <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D) ) )),
        rewrite(
          ( ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D) )
        <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
        ( ( ~ environment(A)
          | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | outcompetes(C,B,D) )
      <=> ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A)
          | outcompetes(C,B,D)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) )),
    inference(bind,[status(th)],]) ).

tff(48,plain,
    ( ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ environment(A)
        | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | outcompetes(C,B,D) )
  <=> ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
        ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
        | ~ environment(A)
        | outcompetes(C,B,D)
        | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
        | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ) ),
    inference(quant_intro,[status(thm)],[47]) ).

tff(49,axiom,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ environment(A)
      | ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
      | outcompetes(C,B,D) ),
    file('/export/starexec/sandbox2/benchmark/theBenchmark.p',d2_2) ).

tff(50,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A)
      | outcompetes(C,B,D)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[49,48]) ).

tff(51,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A)
      | outcompetes(C,B,D)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[50,46]) ).

tff(52,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A)
      | outcompetes(C,B,D)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ),
    inference(skolemize,[status(sab)],[51]) ).

tff(53,plain,
    ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
      ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
      | ~ environment(A)
      | outcompetes(C,B,D)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[52,45]) ).

tff(54,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(55,plain,
    ( ( ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) )
  <=> ( outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ) ),
    inference(rewrite,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(56,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ) ),
    inference(monotonicity,[status(thm)],[55]) ).

tff(57,plain,
    ( ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) )
  <=> ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
            ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
            | ~ environment(A)
            | outcompetes(C,B,D)
            | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
            | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
      | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
      | ~ environment(sk1)
      | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
      | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
      | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ) ),
    inference(transitivity,[status(thm)],[56,54]) ).

tff(58,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
          ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A)
          | outcompetes(C,B,D)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
    | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1)
    | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
    | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
    | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ),
    inference(quant_inst,[status(thm)],]) ).

tff(59,plain,
    ( ~ ! [B: $i,D: $i,A: $i,C: $i] :
          ( ~ subpopulations(B,C,A,D)
          | ~ environment(A)
          | outcompetes(C,B,D)
          | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(B,D))
          | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(C,D),zero) )
    | outcompetes(first_movers,efficient_producers,sk2)
    | ~ environment(sk1)
    | ~ subpopulations(efficient_producers,first_movers,sk1,sk2)
    | ~ greater(zero,growth_rate(efficient_producers,sk2))
    | ~ greater_or_equal(growth_rate(first_movers,sk2),zero) ),
    inference(modus_ponens,[status(thm)],[58,57]) ).

tff(60,plain,
    $false,
    inference(unit_resolution,[status(thm)],[59,53,6,43,40,37,23]) ).

%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%----ORIGINAL SYSTEM OUTPUT
% 0.03/0.12  % Problem  : MGT036-3 : TPTP v8.1.0. Released v2.4.0.
% 0.03/0.12  % Command  : z3_tptp -proof -model -t:%d -file:%s
% 0.13/0.33  % Computer : n026.cluster.edu
% 0.13/0.33  % Model    : x86_64 x86_64
% 0.13/0.33  % CPU      : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 @ 2.10GHz
% 0.13/0.33  % Memory   : 8042.1875MB
% 0.13/0.33  % OS       : Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
% 0.13/0.33  % CPULimit : 300
% 0.13/0.33  % WCLimit  : 300
% 0.13/0.33  % DateTime : Fri Sep  2 03:01:08 EDT 2022
% 0.13/0.33  % CPUTime  : 
% 0.13/0.34  Z3tptp [4.8.9.0] (c) 2006-20**. Microsoft Corp.
% 0.13/0.34  Usage: tptp [options] [-file:]file
% 0.13/0.34    -h, -?       prints this message.
% 0.13/0.34    -smt2        print SMT-LIB2 benchmark.
% 0.13/0.34    -m, -model   generate model.
% 0.13/0.34    -p, -proof   generate proof.
% 0.13/0.34    -c, -core    generate unsat core of named formulas.
% 0.13/0.34    -st, -statistics display statistics.
% 0.13/0.34    -t:timeout   set timeout (in second).
% 0.13/0.34    -smt2status  display status in smt2 format instead of SZS.
% 0.13/0.34    -check_status check the status produced by Z3 against annotation in benchmark.
% 0.13/0.34    -<param>:<value> configuration parameter and value.
% 0.13/0.34    -o:<output-file> file to place output in.
% 0.19/0.38  % SZS status Unsatisfiable
% 0.19/0.38  % SZS output start Proof
% See solution above
%------------------------------------------------------------------------------