0.00/0.12 % Problem : theBenchmark.p : TPTP v0.0.0. Released v0.0.0. 0.00/0.12 % Command : twee %s --tstp --casc --quiet --explain-encoding --conditional-encoding if --smaller --drop-non-horn 0.12/0.33 % Computer : n016.cluster.edu 0.12/0.33 % Model : x86_64 x86_64 0.12/0.33 % CPU : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v4 @ 2.10GHz 0.12/0.33 % Memory : 8042.1875MB 0.12/0.33 % OS : Linux 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 0.12/0.33 % CPULimit : 180 0.12/0.33 % DateTime : Thu Aug 29 09:39:08 EDT 2019 0.12/0.33 % CPUTime : 0.18/0.42 % SZS status Theorem 0.18/0.42 0.18/0.42 % SZS output start Proof 0.18/0.42 Take the following subset of the input axioms: 0.18/0.43 fof(complement, axiom, ![X, Z]: (member(Z, complement(X)) <=> (~member(Z, X) & member(Z, universal_class)))). 0.18/0.43 fof(disjoint_defn, axiom, ![X, Y]: (disjoint(X, Y) <=> ![U]: ~(member(U, X) & member(U, Y)))). 0.18/0.43 fof(domain_of, axiom, ![X, Z]: ((member(Z, universal_class) & null_class!=restrict(X, singleton(Z), universal_class)) <=> member(Z, domain_of(X)))). 0.18/0.43 fof(existence_of_null_class, conjecture, ?[X]: ![Z]: ~member(Z, X)). 0.18/0.43 fof(null_class_defn, axiom, ![X]: ~member(X, null_class)). 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 Now clausify the problem and encode Horn clauses using encoding 3 of 0.18/0.43 http://www.cse.chalmers.se/~nicsma/papers/horn.pdf. 0.18/0.43 We repeatedly replace C & s=t => u=v by the two clauses: 0.18/0.43 fresh(y, y, x1...xn) = u 0.18/0.43 C => fresh(s, t, x1...xn) = v 0.18/0.43 where fresh is a fresh function symbol and x1..xn are the free 0.18/0.43 variables of u and v. 0.18/0.43 A predicate p(X) is encoded as p(X)=true (this is sound, because the 0.18/0.43 input problem has no model of domain size 1). 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 The encoding turns the above axioms into the following unit equations and goals: 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 Axiom 1 (existence_of_null_class): member(sK1_existence_of_null_class_Z(X), X) = true2. 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 Goal 1 (null_class_defn): member(X, null_class) = true2. 0.18/0.43 The goal is true when: 0.18/0.43 X = sK1_existence_of_null_class_Z(null_class) 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 Proof: 0.18/0.43 member(sK1_existence_of_null_class_Z(null_class), null_class) 0.18/0.43 = { by axiom 1 (existence_of_null_class) } 0.18/0.43 true2 0.18/0.43 % SZS output end Proof 0.18/0.43 0.18/0.43 RESULT: Theorem (the conjecture is true). 0.18/0.43 EOF